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While each typological chain is developed in its own way, you can find each of these ‘types’ introduced in the Pentateuch, improved and/or deformed in the Prophets, and fulfilled in Christ (and his church). A few examples include the exodus/exile, tabernacle/temple, the promised land, priests and kings, and marriage and adultery. Usually, these “typological chains” start with a historical person, event, or institution they experience some form of escalation within the OT then they find their greatest fulfillment in Christ and sometimes by extension the church.
#Antetype bible series
Second, some types are connected to a series of biblical images.Īfter observing types which are explicitly mentioned, there are certain “macro-types” or “biblical threads” that progress through the whole Bible (on this see Graeme Goldsworthy, Christ-Centered Hermenutics, 253–56). In fact, the whole book of Hebrews shows how New Testament Christians should see the how Old Testament shadows are fulfilled and surpassed in Christ. Exodus 12–13), and (c) Hebrews 5–7 compares Jesus to Melchizedek (cf. Deut 18:15–18), (b) Paul calls Jesus the Passover Lamb (1 Cor 5:7 cf. Likewise, even where the word “type” is not used, NT authors repeatedly identify typological relations: (a) Peter says that Jesus is a prophet like Moses in Acts 3:22–26 (cf. chapters 3 and 4).įive Ways to Detect Valid, Biblical Typesįirst, some types are explicitly identified.įor instance, in Romans 5:14 Adam is a type of Christ Hebrews 8:5 calls the tabernacle a type of the true temple in heaven and Peter says baptism “corresponds to” (i.e., is a type of) Noah’s watery deliverance (1 Pet 3:21). Beale’s Handbook on the New Testament Use of the Old Testament: Exegesis and Interpretation, esp. (For a more comprehensive approach to detecting types, allusions, and patterns in Scripture, see G. This list isn’t exhaustive and it (over)simplifies some very technical discussions, but for those just beginning to consider or reconsider typology, may it serve as a starting point for recognizing types in Scripture. In what follows, I’ve given 5 ways to help you do that. And it behooves us to ask again: “How do you recognize a true biblical type?” Indeed, while there are many poor examples of misinterpretation, typology remains a vital reality in the Bible. Perhaps, they have seen typology gone wild and have concluded that such interpretations are fanciful and forced. Indeed, one of the of the reasons people doubt the validity of a given type (e.g., Joseph as type of Christ, or Noah’s ark as a type of salvation) is that they fear reading too much into the Old Testament.
#Antetype bible how to
If we agree that typology unites the Bible, identifies who Jesus is, and reveals God’s progressive revelation (which I argued here), then it is vital to know how to recognize a type.